Table 3 Univariable and multivariable analysis of risk factors for carriage of any serotypeable pneumococcus among Aboriginal people in Western Australia, August 2008–November 2014

Male

1.56 (1.35–1.81)

0.81 (0.67–0.99)

 0–11 months

4.60 (2.83–7.50)

4.19 (2.39–7.33)

 1 to 19 yr

0.85 (0.84–0.87)

0.85 (0.84–0.87)

 20 + years

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

1.00 (0.99–1.02)

 Pre-PCV13

1.07 (0.98–1.18)

0.86 (0.75–0.98)

 Post-PCV13

0.88 (0.75–1.05)

1.37 (1.08–1.74)

Respiratory symptoms

1.48 (1.14–1.94)

1.01 (0.72–1.43)

Nasal discharge

4.84 (4.01–5.74)

2.49 (2.00–3.09)

Recent antibiotic use

0.73 (0.55–0.98)

0.48 (0.33–0.69)

 Metropolitan

Ref

Ref

 Regional

1.36 (0.97–1.89)

1.31 (0.88–1.96)

 Remote

1.86 (1.47–2.35)

2.21 (1.67–2.92)

ETS

1.24 (1.06–1.46)

1.06 (0.87–1.29)

≥5 people sharing (crowding)

1.35 (1.15–1.58)

1.36 (1.11–1.67)

Sharing with ≥1 child <5 years

1.15 (0.96–1.37)

1.07 (0.85–1.34)

 Spring

Ref

Ref

 Summer

0.91 (0.66–1.27)

0.95 (0.62–1.45)

 Autumn

0.86 (0.70–1.07)

1.35 (0.91–2.00)

 Winter

1.29 (1.08–1.53)

1.11 (0.73–1.69)

H. influenzae

10.29 (8.60–12.30)

N/A

M. catarrhalis

7.10 (6.01–8.39)

N/A

S. aureus

0.56 (0.44–0.72)

N/A