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Table 4 Positive predictive value (PPV) for pneumonia identified by ICD codes

From: Validation for using electronic health records to identify community acquired pneumonia hospitalization among people with and without HIV

Reference

Study years

Cohort size

Databases

ICD-Codes

Included HIV subjects

Gold

standard

Chart confirmed pneumonia

Sensitivity/

Specificity

PPV

Marrie [18]

1984

127

ICD-9

  

Research chart review

  

57%

Whittle [14]

1989–1990

212

PMC +

ICD-9

DRG

PMC + ICD-9 Algorithms:

#1 Primary or secondary to related codes

#2 Only Primary

Excluded

Chart review

65% CAP

24% HAP

11% no pneumonia

#1 89%/80%

#2 84%/86%

#1 89%

#2 92%

Draper [16]

1990

4381

ICD-9

ICD-9 codes for pneumonia any position

 

Chart review

27% no pneumonia

  

Justice [13]

1999–2000

881

  

Only PWH

Chart review

N = 27

 

53%/95%

 

Aronsky [11]

1999–2000

10,748

ICD-9

DRG

Algorithms

#1 restricted codes

#2 + 507 and others

#3 + resp. failure/sepsis

Not mentioned

Chart review

N = 272

#1 55%/99%

#2 65%/99.6%

#1 79%

#2 81%

#3 80%

Yu [19]

1997–2005

> 10,000

ICD-9

Algorithms

#1480,487 or 507 as primary

#2 Codes any position + LOS + age + other codes

Not mentioned

Chart review

N = 3991

62% CAP

Results categorized by age group (18–64, and ≥ 65 years).

#1

18–64

63%/93%

≥65

65%/85%

#1

18–64, 91%

≥65, 89%

#2

18–64, 84%

≥65, 82%

Drahos [7]

2000–2010

25,064

ICD9–9

Pharmacy data

Algorithms

#1480–486

#2 codes + verified abx script

Not mentioned

Chart review

N = 175

88% pneumonia (CAP or HAP)

10% no pneumonia

 

#1 88%

#2 97%

Storms [23]

2006–2010

Kaiser

VSD group

 

480–488

Not mentioned

No validation

    

Rothberg [15]

2007–2010

250,016

Permier’s data base

1ary or secondary to sepsis/resp. failure

Chest X ray

Abx < 48 h

AIDS patients 0.05% of sample

 

71% pneumonia

  

Sogaard [12]

1995–2007

3516

ICD-10

 

Yes

Chart review in N = 77

Yes

 

PPV 95%

Current study

2002–2008

6824

ICD-9

Pharmacy

Algorithmsa

#1480–487 + abx

#2480–477 primary or secondary to related codes

#2 + abx

Yes (3410 PWH)

Chart review

N = 397

72% CAP

74% PWH/66% Uninf

NA

#1 76% (PWH77% /Uninf 73%)

#2 81% (PWH82%/Uninf75%)

#2 + abx 82% (PW H83%/

Uninfected 73%)

  1. Abx Antibiotics, PMC Patient Management Categories, LOS Length of stay
  2. aSee Table 3 for more details