Reference | Study years | Cohort size | Databases | ICD-Codes | Included HIV subjects | Gold standard | Chart confirmed pneumonia | Sensitivity/ Specificity | PPV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marrie [18] | 1984 | 127 | ICD-9 | Research chart review | 57% | ||||
Whittle [14] | 1989–1990 | 212 | PMC + ICD-9 DRG | PMC + ICD-9 Algorithms: #1 Primary or secondary to related codes #2 Only Primary | Excluded | Chart review | 65% CAP 24% HAP 11% no pneumonia | #1 89%/80% #2 84%/86% | #1 89% #2 92% |
Draper [16] | 1990 | 4381 | ICD-9 | ICD-9 codes for pneumonia any position | Chart review | 27% no pneumonia | |||
Justice [13] | 1999–2000 | 881 | Only PWH | Chart review N = 27 | 53%/95% | ||||
Aronsky [11] | 1999–2000 | 10,748 | ICD-9 DRG | Algorithms #1 restricted codes #2 + 507 and others #3 + resp. failure/sepsis | Not mentioned | Chart review | N = 272 | #1 55%/99% #2 65%/99.6% | #1 79% #2 81% #3 80% |
Yu [19] | 1997–2005 | > 10,000 | ICD-9 | Algorithms #1480,487 or 507 as primary #2 Codes any position + LOS + age + other codes | Not mentioned | Chart review N = 3991 | 62% CAP Results categorized by age group (18–64, and ≥ 65 years). | #1 18–64 63%/93% ≥65 65%/85% | #1 18–64, 91% ≥65, 89% #2 18–64, 84% ≥65, 82% |
Drahos [7] | 2000–2010 | 25,064 | ICD9–9 Pharmacy data | Algorithms #1480–486 #2 codes + verified abx script | Not mentioned | Chart review N = 175 | 88% pneumonia (CAP or HAP) 10% no pneumonia | #1 88% #2 97% | |
Storms [23] | 2006–2010 | Kaiser VSD group | 480–488 | Not mentioned No validation | |||||
Rothberg [15] | 2007–2010 | 250,016 | Permier’s data base | 1ary or secondary to sepsis/resp. failure Chest X ray Abx < 48 h | AIDS patients 0.05% of sample | 71% pneumonia | |||
Sogaard [12] | 1995–2007 | 3516 | ICD-10 | Yes | Chart review in N = 77 | Yes | PPV 95% | ||
Current study | 2002–2008 | 6824 | ICD-9 Pharmacy | Algorithmsa #1480–487 + abx #2480–477 primary or secondary to related codes #2 + abx | Yes (3410 PWH) | Chart review N = 397 | 72% CAP 74% PWH/66% Uninf | NA | #1 76% (PWH77% /Uninf 73%) #2 81% (PWH82%/Uninf75%) #2 + abx 82% (PW H83%/ Uninfected 73%) |