Association of nasopharyngeal viruses and pathogenic bacteria in children and their parents with and without HIV

Pneumonia

Table 4 Nasopharyngeal bacteria and viruses identified in children living with and without HIV

	Children living with HIV	HIV uninfected children	P
	n, (%)	n, (%)	P
Bacteria
n	43	40
No. of individuals with bacteria only^a	18 (42)	16 (40)	0.86
No. of individuals with bacteria^b	30 (70)	26 (65)	0.64
Total S. pneumoniae^c	16 (37)	15 (37)	0.98
Total S. aureus^c	27 (63)	17 (42)	0.06
Total C. pneumoniae^c	1 (2)	1 (2)	0.96
> 1 bacteria in one swab	14 (32)	7 (17)	0.11
S. pneumoniae + S. aureus	13 (30)	7 (17)	0.17
S. pneumoniae + C. pneumoniae	1 (2)	0	–
Viruses
N	49	43
No. of individuals with virus^d	20 (41)	21 (49)	0.43
Human rhinovirus	7 (14)	8 (18)	0.57
Human adenovirus	7 (14)	2 (4)	0.12
Human bocavirus	2 (4)	4 (9)	0.31
RSV	1 (2)	1 (2)	0.92
Human coronavirus	1 (2)	1 (2)	0.92
Human metapneumovirus	1 (2)	1 (2)	0.92
Human parainfluenzavirus	1 (2)	–	–
Influenza b virus	–	4 (9)	–
Human enterovirus	–	–	–
Viruses + Bacteria
N	43	40
Total viruses + bacteria	12 (28)	10 (25)	0.76

^a Number of individuals with bacteria detection singly or with other bacteria without virus; ^bNumber of individuals with bacteria detection singly or with other bacteria with or without virus; ^cTotal number of bacteria detected individually or in combination with other bacteria in individuals;^dNumber of individuals with viruses detected individually or in combination with other viruses or bacteria

ISSN: 2200-6133