Before propensity score-matched groups | After propensity score-matched groups | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Azithromycin group | Control group | SMD | Azithromycin group | Control group | SMD | |
Variable | n = 226 | n = 1031 | n = 139 | n = 556 | ||
Age (years), mean (SD) | 70.0 (14.8) | 73.6 (12.9) | 0.25 | 71.8 (13.7) | 72.7 (12.9) | 0.07 |
Sex (female), n (%) | 64 (28.3) | 316 (30.6) | 0.05 | 39 (28.1) | 161 (29.0) | 0.02 |
Hospital type (academic), n (%) | 50 (22.1) | 162 (15.7) | 0.16 | 30 (21.6) | 99 (17.8) | 0.09 |
Hospital volume (cases/year), mean (SD) | 118.0 (58.6) | 106.9 (60.8) | 0.19 | 108.9 (48.9) | 111.1 (64.7) | 0.04 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
Myocardial infarction | 3 (1.3) | 15 (1.5) | 0.01 | 2 (1.4) | 3 (0.5) | 0.09 |
Congestive heart failure | 45 (19.9) | 239 (23.2) | 0.08 | 33 (23.7) | 122 (21.9) | 0.04 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 7 (3.1) | 11 (1.1) | 0.14 | 3 (2.2) | 9 (1.6) | 0.04 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 9 (4.0) | 69 (6.7) | 0.12 | 8 (5.8) | 34 (6.1) | 0.02 |
Dementia | 1 (0.4) | 25 (2.4) | 0.17 | 1 (0.7) | 3 (0.5) | 0.02 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 18 (8.0) | 93 (9.0) | 0.04 | 11 (7.9) | 51 (9.2) | 0.05 |
Peptic ulcer | 6 (2.7) | 34 (3.3) | 0.04 | 4 (2.9) | 15 (2.7) | 0.01 |
Mild liver disease | 7 (3.1) | 29 (2.8) | 0.02 | 4 (2.9) | 17 (3.1) | 0.01 |
Diabetes without chronic complications | 30 (13.3) | 164 (15.9) | 0.08 | 21 (15.1) | 82 (14.7) | 0.01 |
Diabetes with chronic complications | 12 (5.3) | 48 (4.7) | 0.03 | 8 (5.8) | 26 (4.7) | 0.05 |
Renal disease | 12 (5.3) | 74 (7.2) | 0.08 | 10 (7.2) | 37 (6.7) | 0.02 |
Consciousness level, n (%) | ||||||
Alert | 136 (60.2) | 517 (50.1) | 0.20 | 79 (56.8) | 307 (55.2) | 0.03 |
Delirium | 48 (21.2) | 232 (22.5) | 0.03 | 32 (23.0) | 120 (21.6) | 0.04 |
Somnolence | 11 (4.9) | 100 (9.7) | 0.19 | 9 (6.5) | 34 (6.1) | 0.02 |
Coma | 26 (11.5) | 149 (14.5) | 0.09 | 17 (12.2) | 78 (14.0) | 0.05 |
A-DROP category, n (%) | ||||||
Mild | 1 (0.3) | 5 (0.5) | 0.01 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.4) | 0.09 |
Moderate | 28 (12.4) | 83 (8.1) | 0.14 | 14 (10.1) | 54 (9.7) | 0.01 |
Severe | 19 (8.4) | 86 (8.3) | < 0.01 | 12 (8.6) | 50 (9.0) | 0.01 |
Extremely severe | 25 (11.1) | 185 (17.9) | 0.20 | 17 (12.2) | 84 (15.1) | 0.08 |
Missing | 154 (68.1) | 677 (65.7) | 0.05 | 96 (69.1) | 368 (66.2) | 0.06 |
Intervention, n (%) | ||||||
Renal replacement therapy | 36 (15.9) | 102 (9.9) | 0.18 | 15 (10.8) | 59 (10.6) | 0.01 |
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 14 (6.2) | 9 (0.9) | 0.29 | 1 (0.7) | 3 (0.5) | 0.02 |
Catecholamines, n (%) | ||||||
Dopamine | 55 (24.3) | 373 (36.2) | 0.26 | 37 (26.6) | 169 (30.4) | 0.08 |
Noradrenaline | 101 (44.7) | 344 (33.4) | 0.23 | 52 (37.4) | 212 (38.1) | 0.02 |
Transfusion, n (%) | ||||||
Red cell transfusion | 18 (8.0) | 97 (9.4) | 0.05 | 12 (8.6) | 40 (7.2) | 0.05 |
Platelets transfusion | 7 (3.1) | 34 (3.3) | 0.01 | 1 (0.7) | 10 (1.8) | 0.09 |
Fresh frozen plasma transfusion | 4 (1.8) | 41 (4.0) | 0.13 | 2 (1.4) | 8 (1.4) | < 0.01 |
Other treatment, n (%) | ||||||
Antithrombin | 30 (13.3) | 92 (8.9) | 0.14 | 12 (8.6) | 47 (8.5) | 0.01 |
Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin | 36 (15.9) | 92 (8.9) | 0.21 | 11 (7.9) | 58 (10.4) | 0.09 |
Immunoglobulin | 54 (23.9) | 238 (23.1) | 0.02 | 36 (25.9) | 126 (22.7) | 0.08 |
Sivelestat sodium | 101 (44.7) | 532 (51.6) | 0.14 | 68 (48.9) | 259 (46.6) | 0.05 |
Steroid | 108 (47.8) | 458 (44.4) | 0.07 | 60 (43.2) | 251 (45.1) | 0.04 |
Initial antibiotic, n (%) | ||||||
Rank 5 | 110 (48.7) | 586 (56.8) | 0.16 | 73 (52.5) | 286 (51.4) | 0.02 |
Rank 4 | 63 (27.9) | 246 (23.9) | 0.09 | 41 (29.5) | 149 (26.8) | 0.06 |
Rank 3 | 63 (27.9) | 164 (15.9) | 0.29 | 27 (19.4) | 119 (21.4) | 0.05 |
Rank 2 | 27 (11.9) | 153 (14.8) | 0.09 | 18 (12.9) | 76 (13.7) | 0.02 |
Rank 1 | 7 (3.1) | 31 (3.0) | 0.01 | 3 (2.2) | 12 (2.2) | < 0.01 |
Anti-MRSA drug | 18 (8.0) | 79 (7.7) | 0.01 | 12 (8.6) | 36 (6.5) | 0.08 |
Fluoroquinolone | 37 (16.4) | 376 (36.5) | 0.47 | 34 (24.5) | 121 (21.8) | 0.06 |