Table 3 IRs and IRRs before and after the introduction of PCV7 and PCV13
From: Incidence of pneumococcal disease from 2003 to 2019 in children ≤17 years in England
N episodes | IRs per 100,000 PY (95% CI) | IRR (95% CI) vs. reference period (pre-PCV7)a | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-PCV7 (2003–2005) | ||||
IPD | 49 | 3.28 (2.42–4.33) | 1 | – |
PP | 219 | 14.65 (12.77–16.72) | 1 | – |
ACP | 2500 | 167.28(160.78–173.96) | 1 | – |
Post-PCV7 (2007–2009) | ||||
IPD | 40 | 2.38 (1.70–3.25) | 0.41 (0.17–1.01) | 0.052 |
PP | 204 | 12.16 (10.55–13.95) | 0.66 (0.44–0.99) | 0.046 |
ACP | 3253 | 193.95(187.35–200.74) | 1.00 (0.88–1.12) | 0.945 |
Early post-PCV13 (2011–2014) | ||||
IPD | 34 | 1.68 (1.16–2.34) | 0.52 (0.22–1.25) | 0.143 |
PP | 151 | 7.45 (6.31–8.73) | 0.47 (0.30–0.72) | 0.001 |
ACP | 3041 | 150.00 (144.72–155.43) | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 0.732 |
Late post-PCV13 (2015–2019) | ||||
IPD | 16 | 1.41 (0.80–2.29) | 0.28 (0.09–0.90) | 0.033 |
PP | 44 | 3.87 (2.81–5.20) | 0.19 (0.09–0.38) | < 0.001 |
ACP | 1420 | 124.96 (118.54–131.63) | 0.77 (0.66–0.88) | < 0.001 |