Impact of viral multiplex real-time PCR on management of respiratory tract infection: a retrospective cohort study

Table 6 Outcome depending on relevant detected pathogen for pediatric patients

	Viral	Bacterial	Mixed	No pathogen	p-value ^a
	(n = 40)	(n = 6)	(n = 5)	(n = 21)	Viral vs. bacterial	Viral vs. mixed	Viral vs. no pathogen
LOS inpatients, median days (IQR)	18.5 (6–48.75)	47.5 (14–95.75)	34 (17.5–201.5)	37 (8–70)	0.19	0.10	0.45
Complications, n (%)
ICU admission	18 (45.0)	4 (66.7)	5 (100.0)	12 (57.1)	0.58	0.06	0.37
Mechanical ventilation	8 (20.0)	4 (66.7)	4 (80.0)	11 (52.4)	0.07	0.03	0.01
ARDS	1 (2.5)	0 (0.0)	1 (20.0)	0 (0.0)	1.00	0.42	1.00
Sepsis	17 (42.5)	4 (66.7)	2 (40.0)	0 (0.0)	0.50	1.00	n/a
Mortality (all cause)	2 (5.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.00	1.00	0.85
Antibiotic use (any indication)
Any inpatient antibiotics, n (%)	28/38 (73.7)	6/6 (100.0)	5/5 (100.0)	18/20 (90.0)	0.38	0.49	0.26
Duration of inpatient use, mean days ± SD (range)	8.6 ± 13.4 (0–73)	14.2 ± 11.0 (0–34)	13.8 ± 7.8 (7–24)	6.2 ± 4.8 (0–18)	0.34	0.40	0.33
Discharged receiving oral antibiotics, n (%)	6 (15.8)^b	0 (0.0)	1 (20.0)	3 (15.0)^c	0.78	1.00	1.00

ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range, LOS length of stay, n number, SD standard deviation
^aFor continuous variables, 2-sample independent t-test or Mann-Whitney-U-test were used. For categorical variables, Mantel-Haenszel chi square or Fisher exact test were used
Missing values due to death or ongoing hospitalisation at time of analysis (number): b2; c1. For calculation of percentage and p-value missing values were excluded

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