Table 2 Baseline patient characteristics
Group according to causative microorganism | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purely bacterial pneumonia | Purely viral pneumonia | Mixed bacterial–viral pneumonia | No organism | |
Characteristic | (N = 77) | (N = 18) | (N = 31) | (N = 84) |
Male sex | 44 (57.1) | 10 (55.6) | 18 (58.1) | 45 (53.6) |
Age (years), median (IQR) | 74 (67–82) | 68 (58–89) | 75 (64–80) | 74 (64–83) |
Inpatient treatment | 68 (88.3) | 13 (72.2) | 22 (71.0) | 64 (76.2) |
CURB-65 scores | ||||
0 | 12 (15.6) | 3 (16.7) | 7 (22.6) | 20 (23.8) |
1 | 28 (36.4) | 6 (33.3) | 13 (41.9) | 39 (46.4) |
2 | 21 (27.3) | 3 (16.7) | 5 (16.1) | 12 (14.3) |
3 | 9 (11.7) | 2 (11.1) | 4 (12.9) | 3 (3.6) |
4 | 4 (5.2) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (3.2) | 5 (6.0) |
5 | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.4) |
NA | 2 (2.6) | 2 (11.1) | 1 (3.2) | 3 (3.6) |
PSI scores, median (IQR) | 85 (68–105) | 92 (68–127) | 82 (68–111) | 82 (64–102) |
APACHE-II scores, median (IQR) | 9 (7–12) | 12 (9–14) | 10 (7–13) | 9 (6–12) |
Underlying disease | ||||
Congestive heart failure | 10 (13.0) | 3 (16.7) | 2 (6.5) | 9 (10.7) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 5 (6.5) | 2 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (14.3) |
Dementia | 9 (11.7) | 4 (22.2) | 2 (6.5) | 5 (6.0) |
Chronic lung disease | 26 (33.8) | 1 (5.6) | 8 (25.8) | 30 (35.7) |
Collagen disorder | 4 (5.2) | 2 (11.1) | 1 (3.2) | 4 (4.8) |
GI ulcer disease | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.6) | 4 (12.9) | 2 (2.4) |
Hepatic disease | 7 (9.1) | 1 (5.6) | 2 (6.5) | 4 (4.8) |
Diabetes mellitus | 12 (15.6) | 4 (22.2) | 7 (22.6) | 21 (25.0) |
Renal impairment | 5 (6.5) | 2 (11.1) | 3 (9.7) | 4 (4.8) |
Acute renal failure | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.5) | 1 (1.2) |
Hematological malignancy | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.2) | 1 (1.2) |
Malignant tumor | 7 (9.1) | 1 (5.6) | 2 (6.5) | 9 (10.7) |
Metastatic solid tumor | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.4) |
Sputum type | ||||
Purulent | 43 (55.8) | 4 (22.2) | 18 (58.1) | 25 (29.8) |
Mucopurulent | 15 (19.5) | 4 (22.2) | 9 (29.0) | 15 (17.9) |
Mucous | 14 (18.2) | 5 (27.8) | 4 (12.9) | 23 (27.4) |
NA | 5 (6.5) | 5 (27.8) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (25.0) |
Sputum-volume score | ||||
0 (none) | 6 (7.8) | 7 (38.9) | 1 (3.2) | 24 (28.6) |
1 + (< 10 mL/day) | 38 (49.4) | 8 (44.4) | 10 (32.3) | 35 (41.7) |
2 + (10–49 mL/day) | 18 (23.4) | 3 (16.7) | 12 (38.7) | 19 (22.6) |
3 + (50–99 mL/day) | 12 (15.6) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (22.6) | 5 (6.0) |
4 + (> 100 mL/day) | 3 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.2) | 1 (1.2) |
Identifying method of causative microorganism | ||||
Sputum culture | 74 (96.1) | 15 (83.3) | 30 (96.8) | 66 (78.6) |
S. pneumoniae SAT | 27 (35.1) | 3 (16.7) | 7 (22.6) | 25 (29.8) |
S. pneumoniae UAT | 73 (94.8) | 16 (88.9) | 29 (93.5) | 79 (94.0) |
Legionella UAT | 71 (92.2) | 15 (83.3) | 29 (93.5) | 77 (91.7) |
FilmArray | 63 (81.8) | 18 (100.0) | 31 (100.0) | 71 (84.5) |